Declining hormone levels are the reason for the symptoms associated with perimenopause and menopause. But let’s take a step back for a moment. What exactly are hormones, and why do we have them? Understanding hormones may help you make sense of what’s happening during the menopause transition.
Different types of hormones
Hormones are natural chemicals made in one part of your body, released into the bloodstream, and then used by other organs and systems. You might already know from experience that hormones are powerful. Even a small amount can cause big changes in your cells or your whole body.
When it comes to perimenopause and menopause, the main hormones to pay attention to are the reproductive hormones estrogen and progesterone, with testosterone playing a smaller role.
You've probably heard of other hormones like cortisol (the stress hormone), epinephrine and norepinephrine (play a part in your fight-or-flight response), melatonin (regulates sleep-wake cycles), and insulin (helps sugar enter cells to be used as energy).
Why do we have hormones?
Hormones are the body's chemical messengers and help different parts of your body talk to each other. They affect many different processes in the body including:
- Growth and development: Helping you grow and develop throughout your life.
- Metabolism: Turning the food you eat into energy.
- Sexual function: Keeping your sex drive and reproductive system running smoothly.
- Reproduction and reproductive growth: Preparing your body for pregnancy and supporting it through menopause.
- Mood: Influencing how you feel and react to things.
Want to know more about how hormones and menopause are connected? Check out our article Hormones and Menopause – What's the Connection?
