How Do Medical Screenings Help Promote Good Health?

You probably have a lot on your to-do list — packing the kids’ lunches, checking in on your parents, or prepping for a presentation at work.  

And on top of it all, you’re navigating a phase of life that comes with its own challenges (hello hot flashes, mood swings, and brain fog!). Whether it’s family, career, or hormones, it can feel like your body and your schedule are no longer fully yours. 

However, screenings are one thing you can take control of. Setting up these appointments is a simple, proactive step you can take to stay informed and ahead of potential health issues. 

What are preventive health screenings? 

Preventive screenings are routine tests that look for potential health problems before symptoms appear. 

They’re different from diagnostic tests, which investigate existing symptoms. Screenings are proactive measures that help catch small issues before they become bigger concerns. 

How does this connect to menopause? 

During the menopause transition, hormone shifts and natural aging can impact various aspects of your health, including your heart, bones, and metabolism.  

Even if you feel healthy, you may be at a higher risk for conditions such as heart disease, osteoporosis, and stroke, which tend to increase during and after menopause. Regular screenings can help spot these changes early, allowing you to take action before symptoms appear. 

Not sure who to talk to about screenings or symptoms? Learn which healthcare professionals can support you through menopause. 

Recommended health screenings by age: What to know for ages 40 to 65 

Guidelines from expert sources, including the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, recommend various screenings. However, your healthcare provider may suggest a different timeline or additional tests based on your medical history and risk factors. 

Screenings that typically start at or after age 40 

As you age, your health needs evolve, and certain screenings become more crucial. These tests help identify issues early, giving you more control over your health. 

Blood pressure screening test 

Starting at age 40, it’s recommended to have your blood pressure checked annually, especially if you have risk factors such as extra weight or a family history of hypertension.  

This quick and painless test can spot silent signs of heart disease risk early. 

Bone density test (DEXA scan) 

A DEXA scan checks your bone strength and helps assess fracture risk. 

While most people start this screening at age 65, those who have experienced early menopause or have other osteoporosis risk factors may need to begin earlier. Earlier screening may also be recommended for patients with low body weight, hypothyroidism, or a first-degree relative with osteoporosis. 

Colonoscopy or stool-based test 

These tests detect early signs of colorectal (colon) cancer.  

That’s why experts recommend starting regular screening at age 45. If you have a family history of colorectal cancer or polyps, your provider may recommend starting earlier. 

There are two main options for screening, depending on your preferences and risk level: 

• A yearly at-home stool test  
• A colonoscopy every 10 years 

Many people prefer the stool test because it’s less invasive and they can do it at home — no prep, sedation, or time off needed. If the results come back positive, your provider will follow up with a colonoscopy. 

Mammogram 

Starting at age 40, it’s recommended to have a mammogram every 2 years. 

Mammograms can detect breast cancer before you feel a lump. Your provider may suggest earlier or more frequent tests if you're at high risk. 

However, many patients find lumps on their own, so it’s important to keep up on your self breast exams every month.  

Keep up with these screenings 

You’ve probably had some of these screenings before, but they’re still worth keeping on your radar.  

As your body changes during the menopause transition, these routine checks can play a bigger role in helping you stay healthy, catching small issues early, and feeling more in control of what’s next.  

Eye exam 

Schedule an eye exam every 2 to 4 years starting at age 40, and then every 1 to 3 years by age 55.  

These exams can detect glaucoma, cataracts, and age-related vision changes — especially if you have diabetes or a family history of eye disease. 

Pap and HPV test 

Between ages 40 and 65, you can screen for cervical cancer with one of three options:  

• Pap test every 3 years 
• HPV test every 5 years 
• Both tests together every 5 years 

If you’ve had a hysterectomy or don’t have a cervix, talk with your provider about whether you still need this test. 

Skin check 

Your provider may recommend yearly skin exams if you have: 

• Fair skin. 
• A history of sunburn or high sun exposure. 
• A personal or family history of skin cancer. 
• These checks can detect signs of melanoma and other cancers early. 

What blood tests can tell you (that your body might not yet) 

Hormonal changes during the menopause transition can affect your metabolism, heart, and overall health. Simple blood tests can help detect early changes before symptoms appear. 

Blood glucose or A1C 

This test measures average blood sugar levels over the past 90 days. 

If you’re over 35 and have risk factors like excess weight, a family history of diabetes, or a sedentary lifestyle, ask about screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Catching it early can help prevent complications like heart disease, kidney problems, and vision loss. 

Read more on blood sugar and menopause.  

Cholesterol panel 

If you're 45 or older with known risk factors, get your cholesterol checked every 5 years. You may want to get screened sooner if you: 

• Have a family history of heart disease. 
• Take cholesterol medications. 
• Have diabetes or high blood pressure. 

Staying proactive: 6 tips for managing long-term health 

You don’t need to overhaul your entire routine to prioritize your health. Here are some small, impactful steps you can take: 

1. Know your numbers. Track your results over time to spot patterns. 
2. Don’t skip annual visits. Routine check-ins can catch subtle shifts in your health. 
3. Ask about personal risk. Discuss your family history and lifestyle with your provider to help guide your screening plan. Talk with your relatives about any history of conditions like heart disease, cancer, or diabetes, and share that information with your doctor. 
4. Eat well. Prioritize fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. Learn more in our menopause nutrition guide. 
5. Move regularly. Exercise strengthens your heart, bones, and brain. 
6. Prioritize rest and recovery. Sleep recharges you, but it also helps regulate hormones that affect your appetite, stress levels, and metabolism. When you don’t get enough quality sleep, it can disrupt these systems, making it harder to manage weight, blood sugar, and energy levels.  

Your health is more than a checklist. Take the first step.  

Preventive screenings aren’t about finding something wrong.  

They are about gaining insight, options, and control over your health, especially during times of change. This phase of life can feel unpredictable, but prioritizing your health is one way to stay grounded and maintain stability. 

Talk with your provider. Ask questions. Advocate for yourself. 

You don’t have to do everything at once. But booking an appointment is a great place to start.